Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamase among Gram- negative Bacteria Isolated from Patients in Omdurman Military Hospital

Abstract

The antibiotics resistance is worldwide problems recently especially in developing countries. The aim of the present study was to detect Extended- spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) among bacteria isolated from different clinical specimens. This study was carried out during period from April to August 2018. A total of 70 isolates were collected from Omdurman Military Hospital previously isolated from urine 65(65%), wound swab 20(20%), and sputum 15(15%). The isolates were isolated from both males 62(62%) and females 38(38%). The age of participants were ranged from 2 to 89 year. The isolates were reidentified by their colonal morphology, Gram stain, and biochemical tests. Identified bacteria were subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity tests. The antibiotics used were: ceftrixone, cefotaxime, cefepime, ceftazidime, and azteronam. The presence of ESBLs were detected by double disc synergy test and combined disk test. The results revealed the identified bacterial isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae 20(28.5%) Escherichia coli 40(57.1%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8 (11.4%), and Proteus species 2 (2.8%). ESBLs were detected in 15(21.4%) bacterial isolates. These were 14(20%) E.coli and 1(1.4%) K. pneumoniae. The positive ESBLs producers bacterial isolate were obtained from male 9(12.8%) and female 6(8.6%). The frequency of ESBLs producers among the age group were 5(7.1%) in youth, 7(10%) in adult, and 3(4.3%) in elderly. The study concluded that there is high ratio of ESBLs among isolated bacteria in Omdurman Military Hospital. The most ESBLs producers are E. coli. Further studies are required using large number of isolates and advanced techniques to validate the results of this study.