Decrease of Interferon Gamma (IFN-γ) Level among Sudanese Hepatitis B Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract

One of the most important factor playing in hepatitis B pathogenesis is cytokine release and one of the cytokine with antiviral characteristic is interferon-γ (IFN-γ) . The aim of the present study was to estimate (IFN-γ) levels among Sudanese patients infected with hepatitis B virus compared to healthy control group in Khartoum state during period from March to December 2019. Three milliliter of Venous blood sample were collected in EDTA container from each subjects and separated using centrifuge to obtain plasma. (IFN-γ) concentration was measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in Ibn Sina University laboratory. The data was analyzed using statistical package of social science programme (Version 20) .students T test and one way ANOVA test were used to compare between means. P.value significant when ≤0.05. Sixty subjects, 30 case and 30 healthy control with age and sex matched were selected for this study their age varies from 12-50 years (28.63± 7.91 years) . The result of this study showed that the mean level of (IFN-γ) was statistical significantly decreased in hepatitis B virus patients (5.73±1.67pg/ml) when compared to control group (11.35±6.33pg/ml) with p.value 0.00. The mean level was higher in females (6.18±1.87pg/ml) than in males (5.27±1.35pg/ml) , which is statistically insignificant p.value 0.138. Also there was no statistically difference between (IFN-γ) level in acute and chronic hepatitis B , mean were )6.13±1.9 and 5.32±1.26 respectively( patients P. value 0.193. Regarded to treatment showed that insignificantly decreased in (IFN-γ) level between patients using treatment compared to patients do not using treatment with mean (5.36±1.21 and 6.28±2.13 respectively) p. value 0.195. According to jaundice : there was no significant difference in (IFN-γ) level between patients with symptoms of jaundice (5.74±0.82 pg/ml) and patients have no symptoms of jaundice (5.72±1.78pg/ml) p. value 0.982. The mean of (IFN-γ) in patients who didn't receive blood transfusion (5.86±1.61pg/ml) was higher than patients who received blood transfusion (3.86±1.91pg/ml) mean with insignificant statistical correlation with p.value 0.104 One way ANOVA test showed significant association between age group and IFN-γ P.value 0.00 (Table 4-4) .There was insignificant correlation between IFN-γ and age in hepatitis B virus group (P. Value 0.590, r=0.060 ) . This study concluded that (IFN-γ) concentration was lower in Hepatiti B patient in comparison to healthy individuals .Its recommended to study gene polymorphism that may be associated with lower level of (IFN-γ) among Hepatitis B patient individuals .