Assessment of Serum Lipase Activity among Sudanese Males using Smoke and Smokeless Tobacco in Alkamlien City – Algazeria State

Abstract

Tobacco use is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killed millions of people yearly. Toombak is the smokeless tobacco type mainly used in Sudan particularly males which cause cancer and other medical conditions. This comparative cross-sectional study, enrolled at period from September to December 2020, to assess serum lipase activity in 69 tobacco users (38 toombak users and 31 cigarette smokers) and 34 individuals who never used tobacco as control group, blood samples collected from all participants, serum was separated, and lipase activity was measured by Mindary BS 800 auto analyzer. The lipase activity mean was 40.9+17.2, age mean was 41.8+12.4, body mass index mean 23.9+ 4.8 and waist circumference mean 36.6+5.2 among all groups. 15.8% of toombak users showed higher lipase activity than the reference value, while 19.3% of cigarette smokers had higher values too. This study result revealed that lipase activity was not significantly changed in all groups with (P- value: 0.595). Body mass index (P- value: 0.683) and waist circumference (P- value: 0.783) showed no difference between tobacco group and non-tobacco users as a control group. The results also showed that there was no association between lipase activity and both body mass index ((P- value: 0.702, r = 0.038) and waist circumference (Pvalue: 0.468, r: 0.072) among all group, while a significant positive association was found between the lipase activity and frequency of using toombak (P- value: 0.025, r: 0.363) and duration of using toombak (P- value: 0.014, r: 0.397) among toombak users’ group. Age also was associated with lipase activity (P- value: 0.012, r: 0.246) among all groups and among toombak users group with P-value: 0.039, r: 0.337. There was no association between lipase activity and the frequency of smoking (P- value: 0.946, r: 0.013) and duration of smoking (P- value: 0.645, r: 0.086) among smokers’ group. In conclusion: Sudanese males using toombak and cigarette smoking had no difference in lipase activity when compared to non-tobacco users.