The geometrical relations between hyperspaces and physical ordinary spaces and curvature velocities greater than speed of light based on new principle of their boundary equivalence

Abstract

This research based on assumption that existence (total space) is composed of two main integral spaces. One is the ordinary physical space with orthogonal dimensional bases and the other is hyperspace with parallel levels above that usual space. Analogous to equivalence principles in theoretical physics a boundary equivalence principle (BEP) is stated based on three mathematical rules. Hence accordingly the curvature of the moon is precisely determined. A potential dependent special relativity under the transformation which preserves the momentum and the energy are used to find a new photon speed in the hyperspace. This speed is shown to exceed the speed of light for very small rest mass in the hyperspace and a larger radius of the hyperspace. The speed of light in the hyperspace can exceed that of the ordinary space if the vacuum energy is positive. The time interval is shorter and the distances are longer in the hyperspace. Using momentum uncertainty principle, the photons’ speed can be larger than the ordinary one if the photon is confined in a box having a certain dimension. The same speed can also be obtained if the energy uncertainty principle is used provided that the photon was created due to nuclear transition and disappeared due to pair production when the life time of photon satisfies certain constraints.