Measurement of D-Dimer level and Blood Cell Count among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia is one of common genetic condition in the world, it spreads in Sudan widely including all states of Sudan and spreads in some Sudanese tribes of African and Arab origins from western Sudan to eastern Sudan and from south to north in varying proportions depending on the spread of those tribes and factors of internal migration from the homeland The origin of these tribes to the different states of Sudan it is considered one of the most important health problem in the country, this disease occurs as a result of inheriting the mutated hemoglobin genes from both parents, this study aimed to determine the D-dimer level, total white blood cell count, Hemoglobin concentration and platelet count and correlation between these hematological parameters in Sudanese sickle cell anemia patients in steady state, the study was conducted in period from Jul 2019 to Sep 2020 in jaffar ibn auf hospital and Asia Hospital in Khartoum state include 100 subjects , 50 Sudanese patients with Sickle Cell Anemia(38 patients have hemoglobin SS and 12 patients have AS hemoglobin) in steady state include both sex(28 male and 22 female) and age groups (rang 2-19 year s ) and 50 apparently healthy individual l( hemoglobin AA) both sex ( 30 male and 20 female )and age range( 12-24 years ) as control group,The blood count was performed by automated hematological analyzer (Sysmex XP 300), the D-dimer level was performed by Mispa I2™. Data was collected using a pre-structured questionnaire filed by face-to-face interview with participants and their medical supervisors, the Obtained results were analyzed through SPSS™ statistical software version 25.01. Control group and study group were compared using independent t-test for evaluating statistical significance (P-value<0.05), the parameter tested for correlation siginifcance using person-correlation. The resuls of D-dimer level was significantly increased in patients with SCA ( 0.88 pg/ml ) with p value (0.00) and total white blood cell count and platelet count was significant higher in sickle cell anemia patients compared with control( mean (13.2 ×〖10〗^3/ul) and (527×〖10〗^3/ul), p-value (0.00) and (0.00) respectively) but hemoglobin significantly decreased (8.4 g/dl) p value (0.00),The elevation of D-dimer psitively correlate with increase of white blood cells count and platelet count R-values (0.523) and (0.298) respectively) and inversely correlate with hemoglobin concentration R-value (-0.476) in sickle cell anemia patients in steady state. The study showed increased in total white blood count, platelet ount and D-dimer level and showed significant decreased in hemoglobin concentration, D-dimer positvly correlated with total white blood count and negatively correlate with hemoglobin level.