Phytochemical Screening and Isolation of Caffeine from Gora (Cola acuminate)

Abstract

At the present research Gora (Cola acuminate) was studied. Firstly , thephytochemical screening was carried out to investigate the different naturalcompounds present, the results obtained showed that the extract of colaacuminate was Contains phenols, Flavonoids, Steroids, glycosides,Anthraquinones, Tannins, Saponins, Alkaloids and volatile oil, then caffeine wasextracted from Cola acuminate and characterized using Infrared spectroscopyand high performance liquid chromatography and the yield of the extractedcaffeine was59.3 mg /kg . The chemical structure of caffeine was confirmed bycomparing it with infrared spectra of stander caffeine, the Infrared spectrum of theextracted caffeine showed peaks at : 3109.64 cm−1 due to N-H stretchingvibration, 2952.42 cm−1 refer to C-H bond stretching vibration , 1703.01 cm−1due to C=O stretching vibration , 1546.76 cm−1 due to C=C , 1232.73 cm−1refer to C-N and 1655.97 cm−1 refer to C=N stretching vibration, after thatcaffeine was also confirmed using High performance liquid chromatographytechnique and the result showed that the active ingredient was caffeine bycomparing the retention time for standard caffeine with extract caffeine ( 2.125minand 2.121min respectively), also the antimicrobial activity test was studied againstsome bacteria and one fungi, the results of antimicrobial activity indicated thatthe extract of cola acuminate had activity against four type of bacterial ,theinhbition zone of Bacillus subtilis(B.s) was: 16 mm , the inhbition zone ofStaphylococcus aureus(s.a): 13mm , the inhbition zone Escherichia coli(E.c):16mm , the inhbition zone Pseudomonas aeruginosa(p.s) : 16mm,the extractwas also showed anti fungal activity against Candida albicans(c.a) and theinhbition zone was 13mm.