Assessment of Serum Levels of Total Cholesterol and LDL-C in Metabolic Syndrome Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a group of metabolic abnormalities that predispose individual to cardiovascular disease hence dyslipidemia is major feature of it, so we aimed to estimate total cholesterol and LDL-C which are the main atheroscholaritc lipids . This cross sectional study was carried out to estimate the level of serum total cholesterol and LDL-C in metabolic syndrome patients who had already diagnosed by the doctors according to WHO definition which require the presence of insulin resistance diabetes mellitus together with tow risk factors or more. Data about the Metabolic syndrome patients and the disease were collected such as (height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, duration of disease and physical exercise). Fourty blood sample were collected from metabolic syndrome patient as case group and fourty blood sample were collected from normal individuals as control group in Khartoum state during the period from June to November 2019. The estimation of serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol was done by using bio systems BTS-305 then the results were analyzed by using SPSS computer program. Statistical analysis showed an insignificant difference in total cholesterol level in cases (mean±SD: 166.7±33.1) when compared to control (159.9±20.2) p- value= 0.27, and insignificant difference in LDL-C level in cases (mean±SD: 61.7±29.3) when compared to control (54.6±16.1) p- value: 0.87, a significant increase in body mass index (BMI) in cases (mean±SD: 30.8±6.2) when compared to control (24.1±3.5) p- value =0.000, a significant increase in waist circumference (WC) in cases (mean±SD: 110±11) when compared to control (83.3±11.5) p- value = 0.000,. Also the Statistical analysis showed an insignificant difference of BMI in females when compared to males p- value= 0.30, an insignificant difference of WC in females when compared to males p- value = 0.085, an insignificant difference of total cholesterol level in females when compared to males p- value=0 .435, an insignificant difference of LDL-C level in females when compared to males p- value = 0.295, insignificant difference of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in females when compared to males p- value = .265, an insignificant difference in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in females when compared to males p- value = .524. Statistical analysis showed an insignificant difference in the BMI,W.C, SBP, DBP, Total cholesterol and LDL-C, According to duration (duration of metabolic syndrome <1Years, 1-5Years, >5Years respectively) P- values as follow respectively: 0.731, 0.610, 0.894, 0.440, 0.556, 0.196. Statistical analysis showed an insignificant difference in the BMI, W.C, SBP, DBP, Total cholesterol and LDL-C According to duration (no physical exercise, <100 minute a week, 100-150 minute a week respectively) of physical exercise, p-value as follow respectively: 0.723, 0.587, 0.779, 0.775, 0.203, 0.332. Statistical analysis showed no association between physical exercise and total cholesterol and LDL-C levels P-value: 0.7, 0.5, ODD ratio. : 0.6, 2 respectively. In conclusion : metabolic syndrome patient had increased body mass index and waist circumference, with normal level of serum total cholesterol and LDL-C, and there was no difference in metabolic syndrome markers(BMI,WC, SBP, DBP, LDL-C and Total cholesterol) between females and males, and between periods of the disease , and metabolic syndrome markers did not affected by physical exercise.