Prevelance and Some Risk Factors of Equine Piroplasmosis in Yassine Locality- Eastern Darfur State- Sudan

Abstract

Cross-sectional study was conducted from march to April 2019 in Yassine locality,Eastern Darfure state , Sudan to investigate the prevelance of equine piroplasmosis infection in Horses and Donkeys and to assess the relationship between the occurrence of these equine piroplasmosis and Risk factors as age , sex, body condition, animals species, use of acaricides, tick infestation, animal activities and use of ivermectin in control of Ticks. Atotal of 332 thin blood smears were prepared and stained with Giemsa stain and examined under microscopy. The samples were collected from five districts namely Yassine, Muhajiria, Sleaa, Kleakil and Om-alkhyrate for detection of B. caballi and T. equi.The results showed that Babesiacaballi infection was more common than Theilleriaequi infection in Horses and Donkeys and the prevelance of Babesia caballi in Horses and Donkeys were estimated 37.9% and 41.7% respectively. Prevelance of Theilleria equi in Horses and Donkeys were estimated 4.3% and 5.3% respectively. Univariate analysis by using Chi square test under significant level of P-value ≤0.5 showed positive association between prevelance of the disease and body condition score (X2=4.419; P =0.036) and tick infestation (X2=5.274; P=0.022). The tick infestation and body condition score are considering risk factors of equine piroplasmosis and confirmed that equine piroplasmosis was endemic in Yassine locality, Eastern Darfur state and the control of the disease should be focused of controlling of ticks and treatment of carrier animals