Correlation between patient’s risk factors and H. pylori infection and Seroprevalence of anti- Helicobacter pylori IgG and IgA among out patients in Khartoum State, Sudan with different diagnostic tests

Abstract

This study was conducted to detect seroprevalence of anti- Helicobacter pylori IgG and IgA antibodies by different serological techniques and to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency and reliability of these techniques including Immunochromatography test ICT for rapid H. pylori IgG antibodies detection, enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) test for H. pylori IgA antibodies detection and ELISA for determination of Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG titer. Two hundred and thirty five patients were subjected to blood sampling and data collection in a questionnaire form, consequently the statistical correlation was tested between H. pylori infection and patient’s risk factors (Age, Gender, Smoking history, Body mass index, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, symptoms and H. pylori infection history). The IgG antibody titer mean was 95.21 RU/ml and the maximum was 299.20 RU/ml while every sample above 22 RU/ml was considered positive according to manufacturer, the positive samples for IgG were quite high (88.2%) while for IgA the positives were 30% and the positive cases by ICT were 71.9%. In Sudan and similar developing countries ICT is considered as the most commonly used test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, this study showed that ICT accuracy was 74.6%, Sensitivity was 75.6% and the Specificity of this test was 88.2%. Hence it is highly recommended that this test should be replaced by other more trusted (invasive or non-invasive) laboratory diagnostic procedure. While the ICT method is not very reliable.