Characterization of Thyroid pathology using Radio Immune Assay and Scintigraphy

Abstract

Thyroid disorder was considered the main causes of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism in Sudan. These diseases may lead to some body system changes in morphology and function, so they need special care. The aim of this study was to correlate thyroid scintigraphy findings with lab values (RIA) radioimmune assay in early detection of the diseases. The study was conducted in Khartoum state during the period from July 2014 to July 2018. Two hundred patients were included in the study; The study include both males 9% and females 91%, their aged were found to be ranged from 1 to 80years, they were divided into four groups: 96 patients (48%) in hyperthyrodism group, 42 patients (21%) in Hypothyroidism group and 12 patients (6%) in Graves disease group. 50 patients (25%) normal Fifty participants were included in the thesis. All patients had been scanned with SPECT gamma camera for measuring thyroid uptake, thyroid size. A data collection sheet was designed to include general information of the patient, thyroid scan findings and lab values (RIA) for (triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)). The study revealed that, there were significant differences between the normal group and the other groups in thyroid uptake, thyroid size, T3, T4, and TSH. Inconclusive results were found that the RIA investigation and thyroid scan are complementary each other in diagnosis of thyroid disorder, so that the researcher comment to do the two types of investigation(RIA and thyroid scan) to the patients at the same time.