Evaluation of Plasma Interleukin-10 Level in Sudanese Iron Deficiency Anemia Patients among Khartoum State

Abstract

This was prospective analytical case control study conducted in Khartoum State during the period of March to November 2019. It aimed to determine whether these changes of iron deficiency are related to alteration of IL10 secretion. Total 88 subjects in this study were included and selected randomly, grouped into 44 case study group who had iron deficiency anemia and 44 control group. Both, they're matched in age and sex. 3ml of venous blood sample were collected from each subject in EDTA container to get CBC result and peripheral blood picture. Then, plasma was separated into cryo-tube and put in refrigerator at -200c. IL10 concentration was measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)(Biolegaend's ELISA MAXTM). The data was analyzed using SPSS programmer (Version 20) using one independent T-test for testing significance and frequencies, mean±SD, p.value significant ≤ 0.05. Mean of age was 31.16±7.7 and 28.30±6.8 for case and control respectivelly, while the gender was 1.5±.5 and 1.5±.5 respectivelly. Mean±SD of Hb (g/dl) and HCT(%) were 9.3±1.3 and 31.1±4.0 respectively for case study group when compared to control group were 13.6± 1.3 and 40.2±4. As well as the mean of MCV (pg),MCH(FL) and MCHC(L/L) in case study group were 70.6±3.4, 21.4±3.4 and 29.1±4.6 respectivelly; and for control group were 86.2±4.8, 29.3±2.2 and 33.6±1.7 respectivelly. Mean level of IL10(pg/ml) was 3.5±3.9 in case when compared to control was 1.90±1.92 with statstical signficant p.value was 0.02. The p.value for correlation of IL10 with Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC age and gender were 0.02,0.01, 0.25, 0.16, 0.13, 0.04 and 0.1 respectivelly. Independent T-test showed plasma level of IL10 (pg/ml) is significantly higher in IDA patients compared to healthy control group (p.value 0.02). As well as, it revealed IL-10 had statistical correlation with Hb, HCT and age, while neither RBCs indices nor gender have no statistical correlation with IL 10. This study conculded the iron deficiency can alter IL10 concentration so it can be considered as risk factor for IDA patients.