Immunohistochemical Expression of Breast Cancer Antigene1 Mutant Gene among Sudanese Women

Abstract

This is hospital-based case study conducted in Radiation and Isotopes Center (Khartoum) during the period from April 2018 to July 2019. The study aimed to detect BRCA1 mutant gene expression in breast cancer among Sudanese women. Fifty-eight formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks previously diagnosed as breast cancer were collected. One section of three microns thickness was cut from each block and stained by immunohistochemical method for detection of BRCA1 mutant gene. The data was collected from patient’s files and the results obtained were analyzed by using SPSS computer program version 16. The diagnosis of malignant tumors subtypes was 54 (93.1%) ductal carcinoma, 3 (5.2%) medullary carcinoma, and 1(1.7%) papillary carcinoma. The grading of malignant tumors was 7 (12.1%) grade I, 12 (20.7%) grade II, 35 (60.3%) grade III, while 4 (6.9%) of samples were not graded. Patients age ranged between 27 to 79 years with the mean age of 48 years, 42 (72.4%) of samples were over 40 years while the remaining 16 (27.6%) were less than 40 years. The expression of BRCA1 mutant gene among the study samples was 5/58 (8.6%) show positive expression, while 53/58 (91.4%) of samples showed negative expression of BRCA1 mutant gene. The relation between BRCA1 mutant gene expression and malignant tumors subtypes was 4 samples ductal carcinoma and 1 sample of

IV Medullarycarcinoma, showed positive expression of BRCA1 mutant gene, while negative expression of BRCA1 mutant gene inpapillary carcinoma, with insignificant correlation between BRCA1 mutant gene expression and breast cancer subtypes (P value 0.284). The relation between BRCA1 mutant gene expression and grading of malignant tumors was 4 grad III and one sample of not graded tumors showed positive expression of BRCA1 mutant gene, while negative expression of BRCA1 mutant gene in grad I and grad II of the malignant tumors, with insignificant correlation between BRCA1 expression and grading of malignant tumors (P value 0.320). The study concludes that BRCA1 mutant gene expression not correlated with the breast cancer subtypes and grades.