Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Systems in Dairy Industry in Khartoum State

Abstract

Dairy industry is one of the major industries causing water pollution. It generates about 0.2–10 liters of effluent per liter of processed milk with an average generation of about 2.5 liters of wastewater per liter of the milk processed Poorly treated wastewater with high levels of pollutants caused by poor design, operation or treatment systems creates major environmental problems when discharged to surface water or land. Considering the above stated implications an attempt has been made in the present research to evaluate the wastewater treatment systems used in dairy industry in the country therefore three famous factories were chosen as a case studies. Samples were collected and the parameters analyzed for evaluation of effectiveness of treatment systems are COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, PH, oil and grease. The results obtained show that the biological oxygen demand and the chemical oxygen demand for the three factories (A, B, C) were 810, 2500, 534 and 15200, 18000, 1280 respectively.and they were above the maximum limits of the Sudanese industrial wastewater standards, except the total suspended solids (TSS), and the PH. The study concluded that the dairy wastewater became an ever-increasing concern and the treatment strategies and efficient and cost-effective wastewater treatment technology is critical and more stringent environmental legislation is required