Evaluation of Pregnancy in Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes Using Ultrasonography

Abstract

Ultrasound has big values in scanning fetus, and early detecting of any abnormal status during pregnancy even for fetus or mother. The research was conducted to correlate between the incidence of abortion, IUFD, fetal anomalies, as well as placenta site abnormalities and amniotic fluid volume abnormalities in diabetic (DM) and hypertensive (HT) pregnant women in Sudan in Khartoum City using ultrasonography. The research was prospective, analytic study was conducted from October 2015 to May 2019, and included 143 pregnant patients with diabetes and hypertension, presenting during this period to the ultrasound department in Medical Corp Hospital. Pregnant women were scanned by ultrasound to assess the pregnancy status concerning the previous concerns, in the second and third trimester. The scan was done using tow dimensional Mindary machine. The data descriptive was analyzed and measured the different variables in the research and determine the relationship between them. The patients were distributed in three age groups and were between less than 20 and 43 years old. The 1st group was 25 years and less representing (25.9%) of sample, the 2ed group (26-40) representing (67.8%) of sample, the 3ed group 40years and above was (6.3%) of sample. The second group was represented the bearing age in Sudan. The patients who have GD were (28.7%). And (21%) with PGD, (49.7%) have HT, (0.7) has HT and DM. Some of patient have family history of DM, and HT and this presenting (66.4) of sample, and (33.6%) haven't. (12%) of sample undergo a previous IUFD due to DM or HT, (88%) haven't. There was (6.3%) of patients have fetus with anomalies, and this was due to DM, or HT. The anomalies were (2.1%) microcephaly, (0.7%) anencephaly, (0.7%) fetal ascites, (2.1%) spina bifida, (0.7%) hydrocephalus, (0.7%) undescended testes. (2.1%) have low laying placenta. (0.7%) has abruption placenta, (92.3) have normal placenta site. (87.4) of sample have normal AFV, where (6.3%) have polyhydramnios, while (6.3%) have oligohydramnios. XVI As a conclusion to the research, majority of women who have DM/HT can undergo normal pregnancy and outcomes, but some of them might encounter complications with intrauterine fetal death, fetal congenital malformations and anomalies, and stillbirth. The incidence rate .of these problems is increased with increasing maternal age