Genetic Variability and Association between Yield and its Components in Some Genotypes of Sesame

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted in North Kordofan State at two sites: El Obeid and Jabel Kordofan Demonstration farms during rainy season 2018 to evaluate six sesame genotypes using RCBD design. The objectives of the study were to estimate genetic variability and genotypic and phenotypic association between yield and its components and some vegetative traits. Observations were recorded for characters plant population, days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, biological yield, Seeds yield, 1000 seed weight and harvest index. Analysis of variance revealed that there was a highly significant (P≤ 0.05) difference among genotypes for most studied traits with exception of plant height. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all studied traits. High (PCV) and (GCV) were recorded for biological yield and seeds yield. High heritability in broad sense observed for 1000 seed weight and number of seeds per capsule. The highest genetic advanced (AG) values observed for biological yield and seeds yield. High genetic advance as percentage of mean (GAM %) were recorded for thousand seeds weight and number of branches per plant. High heritability coupled with genetic advance as percentage of mean showed for thousand seeds weight, number of branches per plant and harvest index. Phenotypic correlations were higher than genotypic ones, these indicating the influence of environments. Highly significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations were revealed between plant populations with thousand seeds weight. Number of capsules per plant with thousand seeds weight observed significant negative genotypic and phenotypic correlations.