Impact of Some Wildlife Offenses on Wild Animals and Their Habitats in Selected States in Sudan and Dinder Biosphere Reserve during (2013 - 2017)

Abstract

The present study was focused on shedding light of the affect Wildlife crimes in habitat and Wild animals population and habitat in the Sudan and special Dinder Biosphere Reserve (DBR) during (2013-2017). The world Wildlife is an important component of the natural system wildlife population and habitat suffer great threats that results in decreasing population sizes and damaging greater expanses of the natural habitat. In the Sudan wildlife threatened by many dangers of which we mention, poaching, trafficking, fire, over grazing. Descriptive methods have been used for data collection from record annual report wildlife law violation and distribution questionnaire of 100 personnel (wildlife officers, rankers and game scouts) to evaluate affect wild life crimes in habitat and population. Data analysis which were manipulated by simple statistics such frequency and percent and histograms. The results this study of the following data, wildlife crimes in the Sudan (poaching, bush meat, trafficking, fire wood collection, fire, leopard skin, hippopotamus skin, rhinoceros horns, spotted cat skin, crocodile skin, ivory elephant. Highest wildlife crimes in the Sudan poaching represented 59.8%., lowest wildlife crimes in the Sudan Rhinoceros horns represented 0.9%. The results of questionnaire shows 78% poaching; decline wildlife population ,shows 22% the poaching effect on environmental balance. Wildlife crimes enter the DBR represented, honey collection, fish angling, fire wood collection, entrance care, weapons, mining, charcoal production, fire, over grazing by livestock, poaching, expanded agricultural. The highest wildlife crimes in the DBR overgrazing by livestock 799 during five years (2013-2017), entrance by sheep represented 97316 (79%), lowest entrance by donkey represented 258 (0.4%) lowest wildlife crimes in the DBR fish angling, highest crimes in the DBR was in 2015, lowest crimes in the DBR in 2013. The results explained trafficking in the Khartoum airport highest rate of trafficking was in 2017, represented 30% lowest rate of trafficking was in 2016 represented 13.3%. The results explained wildlife crimes seized in the Khartoum markets, highest rate of leopard shoes and lowest rate of crocodile accessories.