PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CROSS LAYER DESIGN ROUTING APPROACH BASED ON IEEE 802.11p IN VEHICULAR AD-HOC NETWORKS (VANETS), KHARTOUM SCENARIO

Abstract

In recent years, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) have become an important part of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). The presence of such these networks opens the way for a wide range of applications such as safety applications, mobility and connectivity for both driver and passengers. One of the big challenges facing VANET system is a high traveling speed situation of vehicles. A key problem in such environment is the data exchange between neighbour vehicles must be supported with high level of QoS. Thus, new MAC protocols and standards are needed especially for different safety applications to deal with this dynamic environment changes in which accidents can happen within tens of milliseconds. Conventional VANET dynamic routing protocols do not cater for dynamic system conditions encountered in VANETs. Most of the existing VANET protocols optimize hop count as building a route selection which is alone may case quality degradation. However, with the invention of new applications and services, efficiency of these models lags behind the acceptable Quality of Service (QoS) standards. There is a strong need to consider a metric such as quality-based channel quality state reporting and feedback with channel state information (CSI) in order to select a good quality links. In order to meet such QoS standards, this thesis proposes a Cross Layer Design (CLD) routing approach based on IEEE 802.11p vehicular standard. Two additional design metrics including the strength of received power that gives an indication of link utility function (T) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) are used for route selection. Those route metrics comes from CLD that enables sharing of information between physical and MAC layers. In fact, CLD has enormous potential in communications environment to define a good level of link quality for a specific type of applications. In this work, the performance of the proposed CLD approach based on IEEE 802.11p by using MATLAB is evaluated in terms of delay, average throughput and Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) for different city/highway scenarios. Performance of the proposed routing architecture is evaluated and the results proved that the proposed technique enhance the QoS metrics. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme outperforms the traditional dynamic VANET routing protocols in terms of delay, average throughput and PDR.