Studies on Propofol Anesthesia in Donkeys (Equuas asinus)and Its Effect on Some Clinical and Biochemical Parameters

Abstract

The current study conducted in the period from August 2016 to January 2017 to evaluate the effect of the general anaesthetic propofol with premedication xylazine and diazepam in cardiopulmonary parameters ( heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature), Haematological parameters ( RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV), biochemical parameters ( Glucose, Total protein, Albumin, ALT, AST and LDH enzyme activity) and some reflexes (anal reflex, tail reflex, spinal reflex, tongue reflex, pedal reflex, salivation and lacrimation). Also to evaluate the effect of surgery with the mentioned regimen in the mentioned parameters. The study consist of two experiment conducted in nine donkeys (Equuas asinus), the first experiment (A) performed by administered propofol 1% (2 mg/kg), xylazine 2% ( 0.25 mg/kg) and diazepam 0.5% ( 0.25 mg/kg). the second experiment (B) performed by administered the above mentioned anaesthetic regime then surgical incision in the flank through the skin and abdominal muscle took place. In both experiments cardiopulmonary parameters, haematological parameters and reflexes were taken at 5, 10, 30 and 45 minutes after injection of anaesthetic drugs, blood samples were taken to separate plasma to measure biochemical parameters at 3, 6, 9, 24 and 48 hours after injection of anaesthetic drugs. The sleeping time (anaesthetic phase) in experiment A(anaesthesia) was 18.11±5.3 and the sleeping time in experiment B(Surgery) was 20.89±7.6 . recovery was smooth and of a quality good in both experiments A and B. Heart rate significantly increased compared with the baseline values ( Controls) , gradually in experiment A ( Anaethesia) continued till the end of experiment. And a sudden increase took place in experiment B (Surgery) and started to decrease gradually to the end of the experiment. respiratory rate had a highly significant different (P < 0.01) it had been dramatically decreased from the baseline values (Controls). In experiment A ( anaethesia ) respiratory rate decreased , and started to rise till 30 minutes after injection of propofol (21.56±4.4) breath/min. Then decreased again. In Experiment B ( Surgery ) respiratory rate decreased after 5 minutes after injection of propofol 1% 2mg/kg and started to increase to the end of the experiment. In experiment A (Anaethesia) and B ( Surgery ) Body temperature showed no significant difference after 5 minutes, 10 minutes of injection of propofol it was within the normal values compared with the controls. And significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01 ) at the 30, 45 minutes after injection of propofol. Haematological parameters ( RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV) revealed no significant difference but a very small variation was noticed when compared with the normal values. Glucose concentration revealed a significant different (P<0.01, P<0.05) at 3 , 24 hours after injection of propofol, plasma glucose concentration revealed an increasing pattern at 3 , 24 hours after injection of propofol intravenously in both experiment A (Anaethesia) and experiment B (Surgery) compared with the baseline values (Controls) and started to decrease gradually there after. Total protein revealed no significant difference but there was a small decrease in experiment A (Anaethesia) and experiment B (Surgery) compared with the baseline values (Controls). There was a significant decrease (P<0.01, P<0.05) in plasma albumin in both experiment A (Anaethesia) and B (Surgery) compared with the baseline values (Controls). No significant different in plasma AST. It had been increased dramatically three hours post propofol injection then started to decrease to the normal values gradually thereafter in both experiment A (Anaethesia) and B (Surgery). ALT revealed no significant different, In experiment A (Anaethesia) ALT had small increase at three hours post propofol injection and started to decrease to the end of the experiment, in experiment B (Surgery) ALT increased more than experiment A (Anaesthesia) when compared with baseline value (Control) and started to decrease gradually thereafter. There was no significant difference in LDH in experiment A (Anaethesia) and experiment B (Surgery) compared with the baseline values (Controls) , But a small increase in LDH enzyme activity in both experiment took place at 3, 6, 9, 24 in surgery and 48 hours after injection of propofol 1% 2mg/kg intravenously, and there was a significant increase after 24 hours from injection of propofol (P<0.05). It is concluded that the anaesthetic regime alone (A) or followed by surgery (B) affected the heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, plasma glucose concentrations, albumin, total protein, AST, ALT and plasma LDH enzyme activity, haematological parameters were not affected . The study recommended to use this regime of anaesthesia in donkey’s surgery.