Prevalence and Risk Factors of Camel brucellosis in ElgadrrIf State of Sudan

Abstract

Across- sectional study was carried from April 2015 to October 2015 to determine the prevalence of, and to identify Risk factor for Brucellosis infection in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Gadarrif State, Sudan. A total of 252 camels from 60 camel herds were included in this study, The Study was conducted in four selected locality in Gadarrif State. From Algadarrif (109), Butana (93), Wast Algadrrif (15), and Alshwak (35) Localities. Of these, 8.4 % (215 out of 252), and 13.5% (37 out of 252) were female and male camels respectively. Atotal of 252 samples were collected and screened by and Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). Among these, 23 were positive giving an individual prevalence rat of (9.2). This Study show that the occurrence of the disease was slightly higher in Algadarrif (89.o %), Butana (89.2%), and Alshwak (92.1%) (P<.25). Seroprevalence of Brucella in male 13.6% relatively higher than that of female camels which was 8.4%. also the disease was slightly higher in Arabi(11.1%) ,Anafi (9.7%) , and Bushari (2.9%) (OR=.270; 95% CI: .034 to 2.160, P=.143) . Immature camels had asignificant higher than adult , this Study the Seroprevalence of Brucella was higher in Age (1-5 years) 28.0%, (>11 years) 9.1%, and in (6-10 years) 6.2%. there was also significant increasing Seropositivity with respect to increasing herd size ( P>0.25) Seropositivity was large herds (>70 ) 10.6% , in moderate herds(<50 ) 4.8% ,and small herds ( <20 ) 3.1% . Mixed camels with other ruminants showed significant of camels Brucellosis (P> o.25). Camels reared with other ruminants showed Seroprevalence of 14.3% which was higher than that in camels kept alone 7.9%. (OR=8.693; 95% CI: .656 to 11.258, P=.162) vii Also Study showed Seropositivity of aborted camels were 81.8% which was highest than other one was not aborted camels 2.2% (OR= .002; 95% CI: .000 to.017, P=.000) . and Seropositivity Inbreeding camels 11.2% Compared with the marketing camels 4.9% locality, Body condition were not found significantly associated with brucellosis (P>0.25) in the Univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that abortion higher significantly (Exp .000 - .017, P-value .000). The results of the present study provide the status of Seropositivity to Brucella in camels in Algadarrif and the risk factors that contribute to Seropositivity in dromedaries and showed that brucellosis is widely distributed disease among camel herds in Algadarrif State.