Study of effect of Diabetes and Hypertension on placental Grading In Second and Third Trimester Using Ultrasonography

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of diabetes and hypertension on placental grading in second and third trimester using ultrasonography. Analytical observational study was performed at Giad hospital and Elkamleen hospital in Elgezira state Study was carried out from (August to November 2018) on 70 pregnant women in second and third trimesters in group of age between 15to 40 years old were chosen by random sampling technique. The study includes 35 normal pregnancies as control group, 35 diabetes and hypertensions as study group. The study exclude twins pregnancies, IUGR, maternal systematic lupus Erythematous , maternal thrombotic disorder, Rh, smoking and torch syndrome. Used longitudinal and Transvers scanning to find placental grading and gestational age. Data collection sheet was designed to include all variables of the study (maternal age, gestational age in second and third trimester, normal cases, DM, HT and placental grading). Study found that grades zero and one were more common in second trimester 15% and 56%respectively. Grade two and three were more common in third trimester both are 37%. The study showed diabetes effects on placental maturity agree with (Edu 2016). Hypertension had no effect on placental maturity agree with (JDMS 2017). The study recommended more research should be done with increased sample volume for more accurate results.