Study of Optic Nerve Diameter in Diabetic Patients Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Abstract

The type of study aims to evaluate the impact of diabetic in optic nerve measurement using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). And to establish the standard value of the optic nerve measurement for Sudanese healthy and compare the normal measurements with patients mentioned diabetic disease. The study was carried out during the period from January 2015 to January 2018 at Antalya Medical Center hospital and Royal Care International Hospital- Khartoum, Sudan. MRI images examination for both eyes were obtained, with magnetic field strength1.5T, the axial T2-weighted turbo spin-echo fat-suppressed sequence was used to measure optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), optic nerve diameter (OND) and optic nerve length (ONL). The sample was divided into two groups: Group: 1 including one hundred was considered as control, males were 45% and females were 55%. Their ages were between (18-80) years old with mean 39.46 years±15.81.Group: 2 including fifty diabetic patients. MRI exams were done for right and left optic nerves and optic sheath. Males were 52% and female were 48%. Their age ranged from 23-84 years old with mean age of 59.4 years ± 13.7. The overall mean length of the right and left optic nerve for all the patients studied was 46.82 ± 1.46. From the minimum was 43.40 and maximum was 50.09 in the right side and from 43.39 to 50 in maximum. The study revealed a reference values measured in axial MRI for OND was 3.05±0.23 for the right side and 3.05 ±0.22 for the left side , The mean ONSD in the diabetic group was 5.03 ± 0.53mm for the right, and 5.08±0.48 for the left ,and showed no difference from that in control group p = 0.795 and 0.742 respectively. The study indicated that MR OND measurements in diabetic patients differ from the reference values that have been read from normal in the control group .There is significant deference between measurement done for the optic nerves diameters between diabetic and control group. p=0.000.linear relationship between the duration of diabetic with right and left optic nerve diameter measurements was found. VI The study concluded that diabetes affected the OND and it was significantly decreased than that in healthy controls. New equations were established for the prediction of the OND changes in patients with known duration of diabetics for both right and left optic nerves. According to the study, the OND is significantly decreasing than that in healthy controls. The study concluded that MRI has great value in measurement of the optic nerve diameter in diabetic patients. The study suggested some recommendations and future studies which could be useful in this domain.