‫تقييم دور الماعز في تنمية الم‬‫رأة بمناطق العودة الطوعية شمال‬ ‫مدينة نيالا بولاية جنوب دارفور‬

Abstract

Based on empirical evidence, small ruminants and goats in particular play an important role in rural development by improving the standard of the poor households yet, there were no enough studies to evaluate this role. This study aimed at evaluating the role of goats in the development of women in self-returning areas -North of Nyala city based on World Vision experience. The study assumed that goats have a significant positive role in improving the nutrition and health status of children, elderly and improving the income of women in the study area. The study depends on both primary and secondary data. The primary data were based on a field survey in the study area where a stratified quota sample consisting of 140 women was used including both the beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. The survey data were analyzed by using the SPSS statistical system (Chi-square-2) in addition to frequencies. The study revealed that goats play an effective role in the development of women returning from the displacement camps in the study area. There was statistically significant difference (p=0.015) in the quantities of milk consumed by the child before and after the distribution of goats with a resultant pronounce improvement the general health of the children and reducing the incidence of diarrhea. Also the study revealed statistically significant difference (p=0.001) the quantities of milk consumed by the elderly. The results also indicate that women's income has improved after the distribution of goats by increasing financial income or by reducing the spending on food and drinks, this resulted in increasing spending on education of their children. Goats contributed to achieving food security, not only for households targeting the continuous provision of milk and dairy products, but also to the surrounding community through the consolidation the values of social solidarity and donation together with selling the surplus of milk and milk products. The study revealed that World Vision organization played a major role in the success of this experiment and the settlement of women in the study area. The study also revealed that goats play role in the development and promotion of the agricultural environment.This is through the production of fodder, financing agriculture for he goats sales and utilization of the manure in soil fertilization. The study concluded that goats have a positive role in women development in returning areas through food security and income generation. The study recommended the adoption of such programs and expands this experiment to cover all returnees beside the support and encouragement of research and studies related to goats.