Afield Study on the Extent of Applying the Bio security Measure at Dairy Farms - Khartoum State

Abstract

In a study to evaluate the Biosecurity system in dairy farms in Khartoum state, three located sites Kuku , Eastern Nile and Selete dairy farms were chosen to examine three majors indicators health, nutrition and farm buildings, in addition to blood and water analysis. In health indicators the high percentage in disinfectant indicator take place in Kuku farms 63.2% and the lowest percentage in Selete farm 15.8 % while the Eastern Nile farms 21.1%. Also in the Vaccination Kuku and Selete farms accrued 36.2 % as a high level flowed by Eastern Nile farms 27.7 %. All farms in three locate on affected by diseases 100%. The transfer of diseases take a high percentage in Kuku farms 42.5% then in Eastern Nile farms 28.9%, then the lowest one Selete farms 28.1%. All farm use tick control in a same level percentage 33.33 %. In preventive indicator Kuku farms have the highest percentage 44.4 % flowed by Eastern Nile farms 33.3 % and 22.2% in Selete farms. In nutrition indicator feeding system in Kuku farms accrued the high level percentage 36.7% followed by Selete farms 34.7% and then Eastern Nile farms 28.6%. In the indicator of building in the three location animal All farms were full fenced, and the suitable area for animal as indicator were 60% in Kuku farms, 30% in Eastern Nile farms 15% in Selete farms respectively. The optimum shedding area in Pens a high level 60% in Kuku farms, and 30% in Eastern Nile farms, where the lowest percentage 15% in Selete farms. x 78.6% of the farms in Kuku location have storages as a high level percentage, where the lowest percentage 7.1% in Eastern Nile farms, where the Selete farms 14.3% percentage from the total number. 39.1% of the Kuku farms have a labors housing and services, flowed by Selete farms 32.6% then the lowest percentage in Eastern Nile farms 28.3%. Farm records were used 52.4% in Kuku farms, while it used in both Eastern Nile and Selete farms 23.8%. Blood samples analysis indicate the tick parasite disease KUKU project and Eastern Nile Found in KUKU project high Risk level Disease. Water chemical analysis indicate that all the water samples are valid as drinking water, with increase of Sodium (Na) cautions in two locations Selete and Kuku, but this level of sodium have no effect in the validity of water but it effect in the water test. The same analysis, appearance that the water sample is not valid as drink water in Selete because of the equality (PH) of acidity and alkaline and the cautions of (Ca, Mg ,Na and K). in dairy cows ticks represent in a big hazard about 60% of animal resources problems . and appearing The ticks in dairy cows for blood Parasitic diseases (Theilleria ‘ Babasia ) ‘ which consist a major hazard in dairy cows.