ENERGY, EXERGY ANALYSIS & IMPROVEMENT FOR BAGASSE -FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANT

Abstract

Population increment, urbanization, industrializing, and technologic development globally resulted directly in increasing energy consumption. The sugar cane industries represent one of the most important economic sectors globally, and essential source for renewable energy, otherwise, using of bagasse as energy source does not increase the quantity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The most significant pollutant emitted by bagasse-fired boilers, emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are very lower than conventional fossil fuels emissions. Through this research, energy, exergy analysis and optimization methods are followed to identified the quality , quantity and location of heat and energy lost through the thermal power plant components, for sugar factories in Sudan (Assalaya Sugar Factory is the case study). For energy, exergy analysis validation Cycle-Tempo software program which designed specifically for thermodynamics plant simulation was used. Constituents and performance of wet and dry bagasse combustion discussed broadly. In Assalaya Sugar Factory thermal power plant, the evaporation coefficient for dry and wet bagasse combustion is 5.05 and 1.84 respectively. The evaporation coefficient for wet bagasse is inversely proportional to bagasse moisture contains. The major of exergy lost due to irreversibility significantly occur in dry bagasse boilers, where it forms 97% of the total exergy lost in power plant system and turbines have highest energy efficiency while condenser has lowest energy efficiency.50% of energy absorbed in boiler disposal in sugar production processes which lead to weak efficiencies of the thermal power plant system. Limited changes on pressure and temperature of steam exhausted from crushing mills and turbine4, the gross efficiency jumped from 14.8% for energy and 37.5% for exergy to 17.2% for energy and 43.6% for exergy.Similary , the net efficiency changed from 13.47% for energy and 34.13% for exergy to 15.9% and 40.3% for energy and exergy respectively.