Determination of CBC; Hb Electrophoresis and Sickling Test in Albanyhalba Tribe in Khartoum State

Abstract

is a community-based descriptive study of ninety patients with history of SCD of age between 1 year and more than 22 years and one hundred and ten healthy individuals from Al banyhalba tribe were enrolled in this study. Questionnaires were used to collect demographic and clinical data. About 5 ml of resonant coagulated blood were collected for CBC Sickling Test and Hb Electrophoresis using Sysmex KX-21N. Confirmatory gel electrophoresis was carried out for the detection of the sickle cells Hemoglobin AS and normal genotypes. This is case control analytical study that aim to determine the hemoglobin profile in Al banyhalba tribe, and to compare the results which obtained by conventional techniques with that obtained by modern methods. This study was conducted during September-2009 to September-2010 in Khartoum. Following informed consents a total of two hundreds person were bled (ninety were test and one hundred and ten were control). Two ml of venous blood collected randomly from hundred individuals into EDTA containers. All samples were tested for Complete blood count, Sickling test and Hemoglobin Electrophoresis. The results were analyzed using SPSS program. The results that obtained by conventional techniques were compared with that obtained by modern methods which showed similarity between the two results. Incidence of sickle cell anemia types in our group regarding to our results showed that there were seventy six patients with the percentage of (84.4%) sickle cell trait (Hb-AS), and 14 patients (15.6%) were (hb=SS). As for (Hb-AS) there were 52 patient (68.4%) of them had hemoglobin concentration that ranged below the normal range (6-11 2.45g/dl) and 24 cases (31.6%) had hemoglobin concentration within the normal range, there were no cases that showed elevated Hb concentration. The total white blood cell count there were 38 patients (50.0 %) found within the normal range (6-11×109 3.35 cell/liter) and 8 cases (10.5%) were above the upper limits of normal range (>11000 cell/liter ). And thirty patients (39.5%) fell below the normal range. As for the platelets count there were 72 cases (94.6%) of the test group were revealed within normal range (150-400×109 100.52 cell/liter), whereas the remaining 4 patients (5.3%) had platelets count more than (450×109 100.52 cell/liter). There were 14 patients (15.65%) were occurred with the incidence of sickle cell disease (Hb-SS). There are 2 cases (14.3%) with hemoglobin concentration within normal limits, and 12 cases (85.7%) whose hemoglobin concentration ranged between (1-6 2.45 g/dl), there is no case above the normal limits. As for Their total white blood cells count there were 3 patients (3.3%) within normal range (6-11), 8 cases (8.9%) with TWBC more than (11), and 3 cases (3.3%) are below the normal limits. There was one patient (1.1%) with platelets counts within normal range and 13 patients (14.4% ) above the normal range (more than 450). All results were compared with one hundred and ten normal individuals as control group. The results that obtained by the conventional methods were confirmed by modern methods that used in diagnosis of Sickle Cell Anemia. There is a significant positive relationship between age and Hb value, p. value (< 0.01).