The Physicochemical Properties of Honey Bee in kurdufan, Sudan

Abstract

This study was aimed to investigate physiochemical properties of honey bee. Three samples of honey bee from Tlody (sample (1)), Umdafog (sample (2)), and Noba mountain (sample (3)) were investigated. The investigated physical properties were surface tension, density, refractive index, conductivity, and dynamic viscosity. The density of samples 1, 2 and 3 was 1.373, 1.3842, and 1.3932g\cm3 respectively, whereas, the respective viscosity of the samples was 2.356, 8.912, and 6.893pa.s . For the same samples, the surface tension was found to be 59.6133, 62.799, and 66.413dyne/cm, respectively, the conductivity was found to be 0.1516, 0.10394, 0.12395mS cm-1, respectively whereas, the refractive index was found to be 1.48, 1.493, and 1.493, respectively. The investigated chemical properties were cationic contents, sugars contents. The concentration of Ca, Na, K, Pb, and Fe %w/w in the honey samples was as follow: sample (1) (50, 112, 360, 0.4407, 6.9357), sample (2) (60, 164, 61, 0.016267, 36.652), and for sample (3) it was (30, 4.6, 960, 0.0116, 18.675), respectively. The percentages of fructose, glucose, maltose and sucrose sugars in the samples were found to be as follow: (13.12, 28.42, 0, 0) for sample (1), (26.4885, 35.253, 0.30204, 1.9208) for sample (2), and (39.745, 32.924, 0.3595, 0) for sample (3). The purity of honey bee was also tested with two quick methods, physical and chemical methods. According to these methods all three honey samples were considered pure honey bee.