Immunhistochemical Detection of Survivin in Breast Tumors Among Sudanese Women

Abstract

This is a hospital based analytical retrospective case control study conducted at radiation and isotope center (Khartoum) (RICK), during the period from May to September 2016. The study aimed to detect survivin expression in breast tumors using immunohistochemistry. Forty paraffin embedded blocks collected from patients previously diagnosed as breast tumors. The study included 30 (75%)samplesof malignant breast tumors represented, 27 (67.5%) samplesinvasive ductal carcinoma, 1(2.5%) sample ductal carcinoma in situ, 1(2.5%) sample medullary carcinoma, 1(2.5%) samplemucinous carcinoma, and 10 (25%) samples of benign breast tumor (all of them were fibroadenomas). The malignant tumor grades include,2 (6.6%) samples gradeI, 11 (36.7%) samplesgradeII, 14 (46.7%) samples grade III, and 3 (10%) samplesnot graded One section of 3μm thickness wascut from each formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue using a rotary microtome, then immunostained using monoclonal antibodies by indirect avidin-biotin technique to detect survivin. Data collected from patients files and results obtained were analyzed using SPSS computer program. The study population age ranged from 23 to 79 years with mean age of 52 years. The study revealed that most patients were more than 40 years representing 32 (80%) and the remaining 8 (20%) were younger than 40 years. Positive expression of survivinwas found in (21/30) samples in malignant samples, and (9/30) samples showed negative expression, while positive expression was seen in (3/10) samples of benign tumor and (7/10) samples were negative expression. Thisresult showed significant association between expression of survivin and histological diagnosis of breast tumor (P.value = 0.02). Positive expression of survivinwas detect in 6 (22.2%) of grade II samples, 12(44.5%) of grade III samples andnot detected in grade I samples,. While survivinnegative expression was found in2(7.4%) of grade I samples, 5(18.5%)of grade II samples, 2(7.4%) of grade III samples. This result showed significant association show difference malignant tumor grades in the expression of survivin (P.value = 0.011) Positive expression of survivin was found predominantly in invasive ductal carcinoma, while other histopathological diagnosis showed negative expression(P.value = 0.05). The study concluded that the high expression of survivin is associated with malignant tumors of breast,predominantly in invasive ductal carcinoma, and commonly in grade III.