Assessment of Entrance Skin Dose and effective Dose during Pelvis conventional X-ray Procedure Examinations

Abstract

High doses of ionizing radiation can lead to adverse health outcomes such as cancer induction in humans. Although the consequences are less evident at very low radiation doses, the associated risks are of societal importance. This study aimed to assessing entrance skin doses (ESDs) and effective dose in patients undergoing pelvis X-ray examinations. Measured the entrance skin dose (ESD) received by 42patient (24 males and 18 females) aged between 18-69 years old undergoing pelvis X-ray examination at Radiology Departmentof (A,B,C and ,D.)in period between April 2017to October 2017. Patient are classified in three different age groups.(18→ 19., 20→45., 46→7) years. The entrance skin dose ESD and effective dose ED was determined via measurementsparameters: focus to skin distance (FSD), tube current ( mAs)and tube voltage (kV) in CALDOSE-X5.And fouded (3.84mGy)for (ESD) and (0.26mSv) for (ED). The mean ESD values for all hospitals obtained are found to be within the standard internationalReference, but in (A) hospital is high,On the basis of the resultsobtained in this study can conclude that use of newer equipment and use of the proper radiological parameter cansignificantly reduce the absorbed dose