Molecular and Serological Studies on Cystic Hydatid Infection in Man and Camels in Sudan

Abstract

This study was carried out at Tambool area during the period 2011- 2013 where camels are slaughtered on Saturday and Tuesday every week. The study covered 200 camels. Aspiratations from 14 human that had or were suspected to have hydatidosis, were performed in Khartoum hospitals. Camel: Macroscopic examination of the cyst was carried out after removing the tissue around the cyst by scalpel and looking for local site, and size of the cyst. Microscopic examination was performed for the fertility and viability of the cyst. The highest rate of infection in camels was found to be 26.5%, with a fertility rate of 68.0%. The high rate of infection was reported in the lung (90.0%). The fluid of hydatid cyst was extracated and treated as antigen and used for the serological tests. Human: This study was carried out in patients who attended Khartoum state teaching hospitals. Specimen were aspirated from internal organs (lung, liver bone, spleen, cerebrospinal, and eye), from patients for diagnosis. To confirmed the serological investigations which were carried out in 14 patients showed four samples positive. Histopathology: Microscopically, the hydatid cyst in most cases showed the typical structure of a common Echinococcus cyst. They consisted of germinal layer, cuticular membrane; fibrous capsule consisted of thick connective tissue layer which was infiltrated with aggregates of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): PCR was carried out to show the gene and strain of Echinococcus granulosus and Gene 6 was the infectious gene for camel and human by PCR and RFLP. The use of the serological tests in diagnosis of hydatidosis in man: The sensitivity of LA, IHA, ELISA, CIE and AGID were 80%, 80%, 85.7%, 66.7% and 57.1% respectively, and the specificity was 77.8%, 88.9%, and 71.4%, 87.5% and 71.4% respectively. The use of the serological tests in diagnosis of hydatidosis in camel: The sensitivity of IHA, ELISA, CIE and AGID were 88.3%, 57%, 86.9% and 89.8% respectively, and the specificity was 90.5%, 86.9%, aand 44.4%, 78.0% and 82.0% respectively.