Performance Evaluation of Routing Protocols in Ad Hoc Networks

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are a type of wireless ad hoc network which is a self-arranging network of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. The mobile nodes are free to move randomly. There are some challenges that protocols designers and networks developers are faced with. These challenges include routing, service and frequently topology changes. In this thesis the problem of routing is considered and it will focus on three well-known protocols: Revers Ad-hoc On Distance Vector (R-AODV), Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) Protocol. The routing protocols are implemented using ns-2.35. The simulation compares the routing protocols with using transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) with different performance metrics. Simulation results of TCP traffic indicate increasing nodes deteriorates throughput which goes to 470.6 kb\s from 682 kb\s in R-AODV. DSDV has high throughput of 685.93 kb\s with 50 nodes. While end to end delay (EED) decreases as network size is increased to 50 nodes. DSDV has low EED compared to other. DSDV has highest packet delivery ratio (PDR) 99.11 % among all other protocols. With UDP traffic, the throughput is 479.9 kb/s in R-AODV, 153.78 kb\s in OLSR and 119.63 kb\s in DSDV with 50 nodes. R-AODV has highest value. UDP transmission delay in case of 10 nodes is 0.652 second and 1.65 second of 50 nodes in OLSR. The delay OLSR increases when increasing number of nodes as compared to other. The PDR decreases as network size is increasing to 30.29 % and in OLSR to 23.56 % in DSDV while PDR of R-AODV is 98% with 10 nodes and 94.55 % with 50 nodes.