Assessment of Plasma Alpha Amylase Level in Sudanese with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes is known to be caused by relative or absolute insufficiency of insulin secretion and/or concomitant resistance to the metabolic action of insulin on target tissues, then hyperglycemias is developed. Alpha amylases are enzymes which hydrolyze starch molecules to give diverse products including dextrins and progressively smaller polymers composed of glucose units which cause increase in blood glucose. Therefore a cross sectional study was conducted in Abdoon Seed Ahmed Polyclinic Centre in Khartoum during the period from April to June 2012 to assess plasma alpha amylase activity in Sudanese type 2 diabetic patients. Five milliliters of venous blood was collected from each of 40 females (mean age 40 years) and 30 males (mean age 51 years). Blood was separated into lithium heparin containers (3mls) for measurement of alpha amylase activity, glucose and renal function tests; and EDTA containers were used for measurement of HbA1C. Twenty five apparently healthy volunteers were included as control, 14 males (mean age 51 years) and 11 females (mean age 40 years). Alpha amylase activity was estimated by using direct substrate (CNP-G3). HbA1C was estimated by using full automated immunoflouresnt technique, and glucose was estimated by glucooxidase enzymatic method. Data were analyzed by SPSS computer program. There was insignificant increase in alpha amylase activity of test group compared to control group (P value > 0.05) and there was significant deference in study and control groups in fasting plasma glucose and HbA1C (P value <0.05). There was no significant difference between diabetic males and diabetic females regarding ? amylase, FBG, and HbA1c (P value > 0.05). It was found that there was positive correlation of alpha amylase with the duration of disease and age