Review: Organic foods from Annona squamosa (Gishta) and Catunaregam nilotica (Kirkir)

Abstract

Non-conventional fruits, which grow wildly, are being considered because their constituents have unique chemical properties and may augment the supply of organic food. Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica are considered an important source for wild organic fruits in Sudan. The two fruits are produced without using any fertilizers and chemicals. The fruits are used as organic food by rural populations mainly for domestic consumption in many Sudanese states. They have multiple uses, including the fruits, seeds, oil, bark, and leaves. The oil and protein contents of Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica are very high. The major fatty acids in A. squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica oils are oleic, linoleic, palmitic, and stearic. The tocopherol content of the extracted oils is very high with delta-tocopherol as the predominant tocopherol in A. squamosa oil, and betatocopherol in C. nilotica oil. The two fruits contained mainly protein and oil components and can be considered a good source for organic food.