Modification of Gum Karaya

Abstract

The physico-chemical properties on karaya the native Gum karaya (KG), and the modified Gum karaya (MGK) were studied i.e. the moisture content, solubility, viscosity, pH, Ash content, % Nitrogen , hence Protein content, optical rotation, total uronic acid, equivalent weight, cationic composition,FTIR, and UV along with the solubility and viscosity for all modified Gum karaya. The results were as follow: solubility 3%, viscosity 740 g/ml, pH 4.7, Ash content 6.6%, Nitrogen % 0.17%, Protein content 0.99%, Optical rotation +40, Uronic acid % 32%,Acid equivalent weight 392, and Cationic composition mg/kg are Calcium 3215, Magnesium 1420, Potassium 900, Sodium 40, Iron 40, Cobalt 27, Manganese 25, Zinc 17.The thermal effect on Gum karaya was studied by testing five sample of 1% Gum karaya at 25 Co, 100Co, 200Co, 300Co and 400Co respectively for four hours. The results were the same, and Gum karaya can not be affected by these temperatures. The Gum karaya dissolved in many solvents (polar and non polar solvents) at different concentration such as sodium carbonate, disodium tetraborate, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium Acetate, Ethanol, and butanol. The effects of these solvents on viscosity and solubility were studied. It was found that, viscosity and solubility are directly proporlional to the solvent polarity. Exploration possibility of replacement of sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC-Na) that found in the real medicine, by Sodium salt Gum karaya (KGNa) in pharmaceutical application was done. As the results the GK-Na is the best than the CMC-Na in the stabilizing of the active agent in the suspension, and resists the precipita