Evaluation of Serum Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Level in Women with Preeclampsia in Khartoum State

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy associated hypertensive disorder and intrauterine growth restriction are common complication responsible for neonatal and maternal morbidity. Most current hypothesis regarding the pathophysiologic mechanisms of pregnancy induced hypertention point to early placenta abnormalities. The production of hCG by the placenta in early pregnancy is critical for implantation and maintainance of the blastocyst. Since it is postulated that preeclampsia is likely a trophoblastic disorder. It may be essential for understanding of this disease, to investigate the pathologic and secretory reaction of the placenta. Materials and Methods: Acase control study was conducted at Omdurman military hospital and Khartoum Bahry Teaching Hospital during the period from June to December 2016. Eighty one pregnant women with gestational age16-36 weeks were selected, they were classified into 3 group: group 1 consist of 47 women with normal pregnancy as control an effort made to match the participant regarding age and gestational age, group 2 consists of 14 patients with mild preeclampsia and group 3 consists of 20 patients with sever preeclampsia. Maternal serum BhCG, blood pressure and proteinuria were measured. Results: The mean concentration of BhCG was significantly increased among preeclamptic pregnant women (17472.59±4470.244 ml IU/ml) in comparison with (12403.67±2647.164ml IU/ml) in normal pregnant women with( P value 0.012) . The mean concentration of BhCG in mild preeclamptic pregnant women was significantly decrease (14596.50±5037.689mlIU/ml) in comparison (46870.00 ± 21864.876 ml IU/ml) in sever preeclamptic pregnant women ( with Pvalue 0.006) . The mean concentration of BhCG was significantly decreased in second trimester of pregnancy among preeclamptic pregnant women (7540.00±6314.45 ml IU/ml) in comparison with (24870.65±8006.34ml IU /ml )in third trimester of pregnancy among preeclamptic pregnant women with( P value 0.001) .Maternal serum BhCG is not correlated with systolic blood pressure ( r =0.140 , P- value 0.296 ) . Also no correlation with diastolic blood pressure (r =0.186, P-value 0.161). Results showed that there is significant increased in BhCG and proteiuria with ( P-value 0.021) in preeclamptic pregnant women. Conclusion: The study concluded that BhCG is higher in preeclamptic pregnant women than normal pregnant women.