Antifungal Evaluation of some plants extracts and fungicide against (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici) causal agent wilt of Tomato.

Abstract

Fusarium wilt of tomato is considered as one of the most important diseases of the worldwide. The present investigation was undertaken under laboratory of Plant protection Department, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, to study the effect of aqueous leaves extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Mint, Sweet basil plants and fungicide Revus top on growth of the fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici causal agent of wilt in tomato. Three concentration of aqueous leaves extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Mint, Sweet basil and fungicide each of 25, 50 and 100% were used in addition to control. The assessment of their inhibitory effect against the pathogen was recorded through the fungal growth inhibition percentage. The results showed that all concentration of the leaves aqueous extracts of all plants tested and fungicide were of significantly high inhibitory effect against the linear growth of test fungus compared to control. Moreover, concentration of each aqueous extract as well as that of fungicide reacted differently against test fungus. However, the effect of fungicide was more pronounced against test fungus than the plant extracts and which range from 83.2% to 100% where no growth was recorded. Among aqueous extracts, E. camaldulensis expressed relatively high inhibition zone throughout the course of the experiment (44.1, 53.1 and 53.1 %) than Basil (36.8, 51.5 and 54.4 %) and Mint aqueous extract as well (35.5, 39.6 and 39.6 %) respectively. Generally, by the end of the test the highest concentration of the plant extracts (Mint, Basil and Eucalyptus 100%) and fungicide (100%) gave significantly highest inhibition zones percent (41.9%, 48.5%, 39.3%, and 99.3%) respectively compared to the untreated control. the results showed that the antifungal activity increase with increase in extract concentration. Obviously, the test fungus differs in its response to the different concentrations but on the whole, growth inhibition increased with the concentration. The current results were considered promising and encouraging to carry out a phytochemicals analysis of different parts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis plant using different solvents so to determine the bioactive ingredient in each of these parts.