Abstract:
Several cities worldwide have rapidly developed during the last few years with increase
in population, vehicle fleet and business activities thereby creating severe traffic
congestion. However, due to increasing complexity and constraints of constructing
surface infrastructure, they have resorted to underground space for transportation systems
via tunnels and underpasses. Khartoum State was not different and similar situations have
prompted the State to consider the introduction and promotion of using flyovers and
underground tunnels with the associated design, construction and development of
specifications. This study aims at over viewing the state of usage, design and construction
of transportation tunnels. One of the main objectives of this thesis is propose an efficient
tunnel layout to facilitate traffic flow and relieve traffic congestion on the main roads and
bridges of Khartoum State. Two tunnel layouts have been suggested: A direct route
Khartoum – Bahri and the other one Omdurman – Tuti – Bahri (OTB) via Tuti Island.
The latter one was considered optimal track based on traffic and soil conditions. Traffic
flow details related to the selected site and soil profile data for 50-m depth were acquired.
The study continues by comparing O.T.B tunnel cost to other Khartoum bridges cost.
