Evaluation of Urinary Tract Stones Using Ultrasound and Unenhanced CT KUB

Abstract

Renal stones are very common worldwide, with a lifetime risk of about 10%. Prevalence of stone disease is much higher in the Middle East. Most stones occur in the upper urinary tract .Imaging modalities playing important role in investigate and diagnosing stone. Ultrasound is none ionizing sound wave which is primary and fast method to examine abdomen and pelvic organ, CT scan is ionizing radiation has high quality to detect stone. The main aim of this study was to evaluation of urinary tract stones using ultrasound and unenhanced CT KUB. The problem of this study was Ultrasound considered primary examination for urinary system pathology however ultrasound show lack of information and some practice obstacles, the research is conduct to evaluate ultrasound finding compared to CT finding to show discrepancy of results as CT considered golden method. This study was retrospective analytical descriptive study of 109 cases in Elribat university hospital from September 2015 till March 2016, all patients were subjected to be examined by U/S scanning using ‘Siemens scanners with 3,5MHz for adult and 5 MHz for children curvilinear probe, trans abdominal Scanning were performed for all patients scanning renal system for location and size of stone, and then done unenhanced CTKUB using Siemens machine, took cross sectional for all area of renal system, then measure the density of stone by using Hounsfield number, look for effect of stone if there change in size of kidney or found hydro nephrosis or hydro ureter . V Patients were had different age groups all of them had come to the department complain of lion pain, with ultrasound and CT scan examination the result found that the mean of the affected gender was found to be male 69.7%. The ultrasound showed that most finding of stones were renal stone 77.1 % however CT showed that renal stone were 65.1% the discrepancy ultrasound is operator dependent in order 13.8 % was found to be normal. Number of stones by CT was found to be solitary stone 66.1% and its most site was found at lower pole of the kidney. The study concluded that sensitivity to investigate stone using ultrasound is less compering to CT scan. The study recommended that uses multiple medical imaging modalities and investigation to evaluate renal stone beyond ultrasound method in order to increase the quality to detect stones.