Assessment of Plasma Electrolytes in Sudanese Renal Transplant Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract

Background : Renal transplant is the treatment of choice for a patients with end stage renal disease . Although R T is ideal therapy for ESRD but some times can failed due to many complication can occurs after transplant include : infection ,electrolytes disturbance .Abnormalities in serum electrolytes serve as risk factors for graft dysfunctions . Objective :To evaluate plasma electrolytes (sodium , potassium ,calcium, phosphate ) level among sudanese renal transplant patients Material and method :This is case control study. The study was conducted during the period of April to August2015. 5o Renal transplant patients were enrolled in this study in which they include 30males and 20 females with an ages between (25 -65) years , other 50 apparently healthy volunteer were also enrolled in this study to serve as controls .All participants were meet Renal Transplant Society Hospital (khartoum Bahri ) in which the clinical assessment were made by physician .Samples were collected from both case and control and tested for electrolytes level , and results were analyzed using statistical of package social science (SPSS) . Results :The result of this study showed that the level of sodium and potassium in the blood of renal transplant were nearly the same as the control group there is no significant change , being (138 ± 2.50 ) and ( 139 ±2.32 ) mEq/L for sodium in renal transplant patients and control respectively p. value = 0.1 , and potassium (4.0 ± 0.47) and ( 4.2 ±0.41) mEq/L in case and control respectively p .value =0.08 . But calcium and phosphate were significantly change . Calcium exhibited significant elevation in RT patients when compare with control value , being (11.4 ± 0.54) and (8.9 ± 0.45) mg/dL in case and control respectively , p . value = 0.00 . V Phosphate were significantly reduced in RT patient in comparison with control , being (2.3 ± 0.29) and ( 3.8 ± 0.61) mg/dL in case and control respectively , p .value = 0.00 . The result also showed that the four parameters sodium , potassium, calcium and phosphate measured in the blood of males and females of RT patients were not altered values in males nearly the same as in females . pearson correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the sodium , potassium measured in the blood of the RT patients and the ages of patients and duration of transplant. But there was significant moderate correlation between the calcium , phosphate measured in the blood of the RT patients and the ages of patients and duration of transplant .