Localization Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks are widely deployed around the world; it has shown more popularity for both military mission and civil applications structure health monitoring habitat and environment monitoring, vehicle networks and intelligent transportation systems…etc. Localization techniques assist sensor nodes to find out their location in sensor network according to whether the actual distance or angle is measured between the nodes in the positioning process, range-based and range-free method is defined for localization process, in which range-based provide point-to-point information with reference node to estimate the node position, range-free obtains the position of non anchor nodes according to implicit information provided by anchor nodes to estimate their positions. The purpose of this research is to cover all localization techniques in localization of Wireless Sensor Network and focuses on some of the recent range free localization algorithms that are widely used in many applications; HiRLoc, SeRLoc, Centroid, ADLA, PTA, DIL, and RAL schemes. In addition to implement these algorithms using the wireless sensor network localization simulator and compare the efficiency of each algorithm of them with each other in term of localization error and number of detecting sensor under constant parameters and analyze the results and referring it as a comparative study. Also an optimized and modified hybrid range free algorithm is suggested that minimize localization error.