Abstract:
The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions of plant
protection Department, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of
Science and Technology (SUST), During March and April 2015. The
objective of this research is to detect, identify seed borne fungi associated
with seeds of groundnut, (Arachis haypogaea L.), and test the effect of
ethanol extracts of (Ginger rhizomes Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Neem
(leaves Azadirachta indica A.Juss)، against fungi Aspergillus flavus strain.
Seeds samples of groundnut was collected from four regions in Sudan
(Algeneina, Nyla, New hafa and Alrahad-alfao), two samples from each
region of seasons (2013-2014 and 2014-2015), the study covered Seed
health Testing process, detection and identification of Seed borne fungi
before-after cultured seeds of groundnut on PDA media and Filter papers
methods. Five types of fungus were detected, identificated and isolated,
these fungus are Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum,
Alternaria alternata and Rhizopus. The result showed that the degree of
inhibition of fungi increase with the increasing of ethanol extract
concentration which added with concentrations (25%, 50% and 100%) to
A. flavus strain, moreover the ethanol extracts of Ginger and Neem at
concentration of 100% gave the highest redaction of the growth on A. flavus
in the last day from incubation, the inhibition growth was (89% and 86.4%),
respectively.
Ethanol extracts contain antifungal compounds which could be used as
alternatives for the fungicides for assurance the safety of human and plant
from risk of fungicides.
