Assessment of Fetal Biometry in Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Pregnancy-associated diabetes mellitus poses a risk of fetal growth alterations. Fetal abdominal perimeter can be used as predictive of fetal weight in full-term fetuses with normal growth, along with biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference and length of femur to estimate fetal weight through set of parameters; therefore the general objective of this study was to assess the fetal weight for diabetic maternal. The results of this study showed that 70% of the ladies enrolled in this study were housewife and 30% were employers, their means age were 29.4±5.5 years, average weight was 65.2±11.9 and height was 152.5±18.7 (Table 4-1 and 4-2). Forty percent of the patients were primegravida, 42% multipara, and 18% grandmultipara (Table 4- 3). The history of the patient showed that 36% of the cases had diabetes for the first time and 64% known cases. Also the family history of the patients indicates that 84% have past history of disease and 16% with no previous family history. In respect to parity with its three groups there is no significant differences between the primegravida, multipara, and grandmultipara incase of diabetes, lab test and fetal measurement using ANOVA test at p = 0.05, except biparietal diameter where there is a significant differences with p = 0.045. It has been found that parity status increases the fetal biparietal diameter by a coefficient of 0.05cm/parity. But the associated diseases like hypertension, infections, myomas and any other diseases did not affected fetal weight using ANOVA at p = 0.05. Also in respect to diabetes status this study found that when the level of glucose increases arbitrary the fetal weight increases by 1.71mg/dl/week, and the fetal weight inversely affected by the amount of hemoglobin when it increases the fetal weight decreases by 11.09 g/dl.