Assessment of Anti-thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies and Thyroid Hormones Among Pregnant Women in Khartoum state

Abstract

The aim of this study to assess of anti thyroperoxidase antibodies (anti-TPO) and thyroid hormones (TSH, FT3, FT4) among Sudanese pregnant women. Cross sectional study during the period from Nov, 2011 - Jan, 2012 include three hundred women,(200) pregnant women from different hospital in Khartoum state, (100) apparent healthy non pregnant women were selected as control., the mean of age of pregnant women was (27.1 ± 7.2 ) year. Blood Samples were collected from both groups to measure thyroid hormones Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free Tri iodothyronine( FT3 ), and Free Thyroxine ( FT4), and anti-TPO antibodies by ELISA microplate reader (Bio Tek -ELx 800. USA). There was significant increase in mean titter of anti-TPO antibodies in test group when compared with control group, P.valu = (.015). There was insignificant P.value of TSH in test and control group,P= (.725), insignificant P.value of FT3 in test group and control group P =(.185), insignificant P.value ofFT4 in test group andcontrol group P = (.438). According to abortion in test group, there was significant increase in means of TPO titter in pregnant women which had a history of abortion compared with women which had not history of abortion P =(.009) , and in the mean of TSH (2.61 ± 2.15 IU/mL vs2.06 ± 1.03 IU/ml) P =(.003), while there was significant decrease in means of FT3 (2.69 ± .84pg/ml vs2.85 ± .65pg/mL) P =(.008), and FT4 (1.35 ± .43ng vs1.44 ± .30ng) P =(.001). According to family history of thyroid disease, in test group, there was significant P.value of TPO titter in pregnant women which had a family history of thyroid disease compared with women whohad’tfamily history of thyroid disease P =(.000), and significant P.value of TSH P =(.001), while there was significant P.value of FT3 P =(.04), and insignificant P.value ofFT4 P =(.03). There was found a significant weak positive correlation between anti-TPO titter and age P =(.000) r =(.406). There also wassignificant strong positive correlation between anti-TPO and TSH P = (.000) r =(.627), and significant weak negative correlation between anti-TPO and FT3 P = (.004) r =(-.201) , and also significant weak negative correlation between anti-TPO and FT4 P. value was (.002) r =(-216). The study conclude 0.5% of pregnant women in Khartoum state had a positive titter of anti-TPO, were 2% had equivocal titter.