A Cross-sectional Survey of Bovine Fasciolosis at Elkadaro Abattoir, Khartoum state, Sudan

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted from May toJuly 2011 in Elkadaro abattoir to estimate the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis, to investigate the associated risk factors and to evaluate the accuracy of coprological test. Thus, a total of 307 cattle were randomly selected and subjected to coprological and detailed postmortem examinations, the prevalence of fasciolosis was 20.2% (62/307) and 31.6% (97/307), respectively. Bypostmortem examination, the highest prevalence was recorded in males (33.4%), age > 4 years (44.5%), foreign breed (64.1%), light weight (47.4%), Ethiopian cattle (65.5%), small size (47.8%) and abscess coinfection with fasciolosis (100%). Similarly, the faecal examination revealed the highest prevalence in males (21.4%), age > 4 years (28.9%), foreign breed (42.1%), light weight (43.8%), Ethiopian cattle (43.0%), small size (44.1%) and abscess coinfection with fasciolosis (100%). The following significant associations obtained by postmortem examination were: age > 4 years (p= 0.000, OR= 18.5, 95% CI= 3.1, 21.7), foreign breed (p=0.000, OR= 77.6, 95% CI= 9.3, 81.6), light weight (p= 0.000, OR= 3.0, 95% CI= 1.9, 5.3), Ethiopiancattle (p= 0.000, OR= 76.1. 95% CI= 8.4, 83.7) and small size (p=0.000, OR= 3.1, 95%CI= 1.9, 5.3). Similarly, coprological examination revealed significant association of fasciolosis occurrence with age > 4 years (p= 0.000, OR= 28.8, 95% CI= 3.9, 34.2), foreign breed (p= 0.000, OR= 94.4, 95% CI= 13.2, 102.6), light weight (p= 0.000, OR= 53.4, 95% CI= 7.1, 61.3), Ethiopian cattle (p= 0.000, OR= 60.2, 95% CI= 8.3, 70.1) and small size (p= 0.000, OR= 54.9, 95% CI= 6.3, 63.8). The two prevalence differed significantly (X²= 1.669, p= 0.000). A higher prevalence was recorded by postmortem examination was recorded than by coprology. The sensitivity and specificity of faecal examination were found to be 63.9% and 100%, respectively with substantial test agreement (kappa= 0.69) between the two techniques. In conclusion, this study estimated the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis and identified the potential risk factors associated with the disease