Abstract:
One of the most common indications of evaluating the efficiency of a power system is the ratio of power loss to the total generating power. The system is considered as efficient when the loss level is low. Nevertheless there is a fact that all energy supplied to a distribution utility does not reach the end consumers. A substantial amount of energy is lost in the transmission and distribution systems by way of technical and non-technical losses.
The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate energy losses in NEC distribution network on each of distribution voltage level (33KV, 11KV, and 0.415KV), and suggest some techniques for loss minimization, by the study of factors that may affect the power losses in the distribution networks. Among those factors, power losses associated with distribution lines take a major part in the overall power losses since NEC has many long distribution feeders, especially in the rural areas. So the losses in distribution lines are even more significant and are discussed with more details in chapter three and four. Moreover, taking into account the fact that after construction of Marwe dam the total generated power will be duplicated, so the cost of energy losses will be very high. Thus, in order to gain a better performance of electricity supply service, with a reasonable cost, loss minimization is very important.
Khartoum area has been taken as a subject of this research because it represents more than 60 % of NEC grid. Introduction to power system have been discussed in chapter one, distribution system in chapter two, losses in distribution system in chapter three, and discussion, conclusion recommendation in chapter four.
