Volume 15 No. 1

Effect of Occupational Cement Dust Pollution on The Respiratory Epithelium in Amran Cement Factory – Yemen

2014-01-01T00:00:00Z

Effect of Occupational Cement Dust Pollution on The Respiratory Epithelium in Amran Cement Factory – Yemen Hommi,Bakr; Mohamed Siddig AbdelAziz; Hussain G. Ahmed This study aimed to investigate the risk of the respiratory epithelium in regards to occupational exposure to cement dust. Detailed job histories and sputum samples were elicited from 531 individuals, who 433 individuals confirmed exposure to cement dust (cases) and 98 individuals healthy none exposed (controls). Cytological smears were prepared and demonstrated using Papnicoloua test and Silver Nucleolar organizer Region AgNORs methods. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program, mean and chi-square were calculated. The cytological changes were elevated in exposure compared to controls, the risk associated with occupational cement dust pollution was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Out of the 433 cases, the following results, 21(4.8%) atypia (dysplasia), 236(54.5%) squamous metaplasia, 252(58.2%) acute inflammatory infiltrated cells, 45(10.4%) chronic inflammatory infiltrated cells, Actinomyces israelii and Monilia were observed in 54(13%), 9(2%(, respectively, cytological evidence of viral infection 39(9%). The mean AgNORs dots counts was elevated among exposure (3±.043) and less among controls (1.8±.07), was statistically significant (P<0.000). The study concluded that exposure to cement dust is a risk factor for occurrence of cytological atypia (dysplasia), squamous metaplasia, inflammatory changes and susceptibility of infections. The mean AgNORs counts is a useful indicator for cellular proliferation activity in respiratory epithelium and for prediction of the risk of exposure to certain carcinogenic elements that may induce lung cancer. Cytology is a useful technique in evaluation of environmental and industrial changes. article

Cardiac Troponin T as a Sensitive Marker of Myocardial Infarction in Hypertensive Patients

2014-01-01T00:00:00Z

Cardiac Troponin T as a Sensitive Marker of Myocardial Infarction in Hypertensive Patients Ibrahim,Abdelgadir Ali Elmugadam; Fahmi M. Eltayeb This study aimed to detect cardiac troponin T in Sudanese hypertensive patients along with the lipid profile. Cardiovascular disease is one of the common diseases prevalent in the recent period in the world, and deviate the etiology is a preventive benefit for people proper diagnostic and therapeutic for patients and contributes to accelerate healing and reduce the rate of complications. This study was conducted to determine the impact of hypertension on the heart. Hypertension is known as the most important arteries diseases. In this study, myocardial infarction was determined as one of the most important heart disease resulting from the impact of hypertension. Blood samples which were collected from one hundred patients, troponin T was measured by Elcsys 2010, troponin T is a protein released from damage heart muscles, lipid profile were also measured in blood samples to see their relationship with troponin t levels. Diagnoses with myocardial infarction was done by electrocardiogram (ECG). High significant levels of troponin T and high density lipoprotein were found in patient samples, also a significant relationships between troponin T levels and total cholesterol, troponin T levels and low density lipoproteins were found. This study concluded the necessity of dealing with hypertension properly to its direct impact on the heart muscle. article

Assessment of Complete Blood Count of Chronic Renal Failure Patients Under Hemodialysis

2014-01-01T00:00:00Z

Assessment of Complete Blood Count of Chronic Renal Failure Patients Under Hemodialysis Ali,Hala; Zeinab H. Elhassan; Khalda M. Hamza This study aimed to detect the effects of renal hemodialysis on some blood parameters in chronic renal failure patients using complete blood count (CBC) Hb, HCT, RBC, MCV, MCH ,MCHC, WBC and blood platelets. The patients were divided into two groups according to their age. Group (A) patients bellow 16 years, group (B) patients with age ranged between 40-55 years. Eighty chronic renal failure patients under hemodialysis attending Khartoum North Dialysis Center, Selma Dialysis Center and Soba Hospital, were enrolled (group A). Twenty control individuals were selected for the study. Fifty patients with chronic renal failure under hemodialysis attending Alnaw Hospital were selected for the study, their age ranged between 40-55 years ( Group B). Twenty individuals who were matched as a control. A specimen of 2.5 ml of blood was collected from each patient in EDTA container. Automated hematological analyzer (Sysmex KX -21N) was used to measure the parameters. The results showed a significant decrease in Hb, HCT and RBC in both groups compared to control group. Hb of group A is 9.6 ±2.2 g/ dl and that of control is 13.4±0.89 g/dl . In group B, Hb is 8.8 ±2.1 g/ dl compared to 15.1± 1.5 g/dl of control group. MCV, MCH and MCHC of group A significantly decreased compared to control .MCV = 83.1 ± 5.4 fl , MCH =27.3±2.2 pg, MCHC =32.7±1.4 g/dl. No significant change was observed in MCV,MCH and MCHC of group (B). TWBC of group B increased insignificantly, from 5.00±1.0 cell /cmm (control level ) to 6.4± 2.6 cell / cmm. Platelets of group B decreased significantly from control level but within range of 314.3 ± 52.6 cell/ cmm to 209.4±79.2 cell/cmm. In conclusion CRF patients under hemodialysis are at risk of anemia, thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency. article

Detection of BRCA1 and 2 Genes Mutations Among Women with Breast Cancer Attending Radio and Isotope Center in Khartoum, Sudan

2014-01-01T00:00:00Z

Detection of BRCA1 and 2 Genes Mutations Among Women with Breast Cancer Attending Radio and Isotope Center in Khartoum, Sudan Mansoor Mohammed Mansoor; Noha . Algily; Mohammed . Abdulrahim This study was conducted to estimate the frequency of Brca1 and Brca2 gene mutations in Sudanese female patients with breast cancer. One hundred patients (mean age 54.3 years) with breast cancer (BC) attending radio and isotopes center in Khartoum (RICK) together with 50 apparently healthy individuals (mean age 54 years), used as controls, were enrolled for this study. Among the patients, 63 have positive family history (1st and 2nd degree relatives) of BC. Brca1 & Brca2 genes were determined using specific primers and multiplied by PCR. The mutations of the 2 genes were detected on 2 exons (8 and 13) on Brca1 and exon 9 on Brca2 using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) assay. The results showed no obvious mutation detected on both genes as indicated by silver polyacrylamide gel elecrophoresis. This study concluded that breast cancer on these patients might be predisposed by mutations on other genes or other exon on Brca1/2 and/or other risk factors article