Epidemiological Studies of Bovine Trypanosomosis In West Kordofan State, Sudan

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess and contribute to the knowledge of the epidemiology and spatial evaluation of bovine trypanosomosis in West Kordofan State during dry and wet season in 2001-2002.Trypanosomosis data from West xiv Kordofan State in 2001-2002 were collected, analyzed by using Geographic Information Systems” GIS”. A geographic information system (GIS) is an integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information. The underlying reason for using a GIS in an animal health information system is to enable the spatial component of animal health to be incorporated in the reporting and analysis of animal health data. Sampling was stratified according to livestock management systems, three management systems were identified in this survey, the traditional migratory “TM”, traditional sedentary “TS” and dairy system “DS” . Cross sectional – single visit prevalence for parasite detection was conducted as the main activity during dry and rainy season. Economic studies were conducted to calculate the stocking density and total biomass in the West Kordofan State. Database was designed, corresponding tables to data entry and questionnaires were created in Microsoft Access2003, and queries were made. Geographic information system ”GIS” functions were used. Maps were produced, and overlays of different data layers allowed highlighting potential priority areas were made. Microsoft Excel2007 and Animal Resources Information Systems ”ARIS” software were used in data entry and analysis, graphs –charts and maps were made. Total of 911 cattle were examined during dry season and 841cattle during wet season. Point prevalence rates PPR % of the only detected trypanosomes in this xv survey which is T.vivax were calculated in the different seasons, dry season prevalence appeared as follows: 3.40 %, and during wet season appeared as 2.62 %. Packed cell volume “PCV” of all animals ± standard deviation “Std” during dry season was calculated as 25.2±4.6 and during wet season as 32.2±3.0, this compared to PCV ± Std of infected animals during dry season which was 22.5±20.4 and during wet season was 29.3±k1.6. Traps were made, 238 Ttabanus flies were caught from Kailk, Abyey, Lagawa, ElSonoot, Mairum, Mujlad and Kejaira. Trypanocides usage has been evaluated in the West kordofan, results of this study indicated that Ethydium bromide was the most trypanocide used in Abyey , Alfula , Alkhiwi , Almujlad , Babanosa , Kadam , Kailk & Lagawa which showed 100 % of usage. While, Abuzabad showed 92.1 %, Almarum was 50%, Alsonoot was 64% & Kejaira 53.8 %.Only the Almarum province showed 36.7% of Novidium usage. 100 % of Berenil usage was appeared in Alnuhood and Odyah.