Integration of GPS and GIS as Applied on the Design of a Reliable Cadastral System

Abstract

The significance of cadastre arises from its field of application which is the land. Land is the foundation of all forms of human activity. Land management for different purposes needs an efficient cadastral system. The success of any cadastral system depends on its ability to satisfy different demands of the users, and guarantees their acceptance, confidence and interaction. A successful cadastral system must be reliable, accurate, cheap, complete, secured, frequent, easily implemented and understandable. The reliability of the system depends on its definition of the owned land and the owner of the land. The parcels of the land must be accurately located on the ground and accurately represented on the map and the name of the owner and the number of his land parcel must be registered in a unique manner without any doubt, overlapping or duplication. In this study a cadastral system had been proposed based on the integration of GPS and GIS to enhance the existing cadastral system applied in the Sudan, which is based on Toren’s system, which is the best cadastral system and many countries are trying to apply it such as United States of America, the registration unit in this system is the parcel of the land. In this study the cadastral records and the cadastral maps had been transformed to digital systems. GPS had been utilized for georeferncing all land parcels on the ground and in the digital maps. GIS softwares capabilities had been benefited to attach the attributes of the land parcels to the map. The integrated digital systems provide an accurate definition of location, dimensions (3dimensions) and a unique number for each parcel of land(the third dimension is the appropriate reduced level of the buildings to eliminate water floods problems and reduce the cost of the buildings(, quick and accurate investigation of the owner’s character. Capabilities of efficient storage, retrieval and updating of the digital systems are suitable for the dynamic nature of the cadastral works, which need continuous daily change on the ground, maps and register. These characteristics eliminate mistakes and forgeries due to duplication, overlapping, bad storage, difficult access to the data and time consuming procedures as main drawbacks of the existed system