Study Of the Association Of Placenta Previa In Patients With History Of Cesarean Delivery Using Ultra Sound

Abstract

This study was conducted to show the association of placenta previa in patients with previous history of caesarean section, by determine the incidence of placenta previa in the time of scanning based on the frequency, the age and number of cesarean deliveries, and to correlate the incidence of the placenta previa with the risk factor. The place of this work was obstetrics and gynecology Unit of Military Hospital (Omdurman). The duration of study was 6 months from first October 2011 to April 2012.48 pregnancies with history of the previous cesarean section included in study for ultrasound scan. criteria have been identified in Details including age, parity, number of sections, duration of pregnancy and the sonographic exam has been performed to determine the location of placenta . Vaginal examination not performed. From the total of 48 pregnancies with history of cesarean section, 12(25%) had one cesarean section, 14(29.2%) had two cesarean section, 10(20.8%) had three cesarean section, 10(20.8%) had four cesarean section, and 2(4.2%) had five cesarean section. The percentage of the placenta previa associated with the number of cesarean section was 0%, 78%, 100%, 70% and 50% respectively. Majority of the pregnancies had parity ranged from (1-4) which represent 24(50%), 14(29.2%) had 5 parity, and 10(20.8%) had parity above five. The incidence of placenta previa (60.5%) was significantly higher than the incidence of normal placenta location (39.5%)which confirm the association of previous cesarean section with placenta previa. The mean maternal age was 33 year old , ranged from 23 to 42 years, the incidence of placenta previa for each age group were 20% for group ranged from 23-28 , 62% for group ranged from 29-34, 73% for group ranged from 35-40 and 100% for group ranged from 41-43. In conclusion, this study demonstrates an elevated risk for placenta previa among women with prior cesarean delivery. Moreover, this risk increases dramatically with increasing number of prior cesarean deliveries and maternal age.