Serum Calcium, Phosphate and Alkaline Phosphatase Level in Sudanese Long Standing Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

Abstract

A prospective Study conducted during the period, May to October 2007, compared serum levels of calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase activity of 50 known patients of long standing diabetes mellitus type 2 as a test group who were selected randomly from diabetic clinics of Jaber abu alizz, Bahri diabetes mellitus center and Alhikma clinic and 30 healthy non-diabetic as a control group, controls were selected randomly to be matched in age, sex and socioeconomic status with that of the diabetic group. Serum levels of calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured using A 25 autoanalyzer from Bio System’s company, Barcelona (Spain). The serum levels of calcium and phosphate were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the test group (diabetics), when compared to the control group. Mean ± SD for control versus diabetic group were found to be: (9.3 ± 0.6) versus (8.2 ± 0.8) mg/dL, for serum calcium. (3.9 ± 1.0) versus (3.1 ± 0.7) mg/dL mg/dl; for serum phosphate. The serum levels of alkaline phosphatase was found to be significantly raised (p< 0.05) in the test group compared to the control group. (72.7 ± 18.1) versus (88.4 ± 24.8) u/L for serum alkaline phosphatase. The study showed no correlation between the levels of serum calcium and the duration of diabetes mellitus, while there was a weak negative correlation between the levels of serum phosphate as well as a weak positive correlation in case of alkaline phosphatase activity and the duration of diabetes mellitus. This study concluded that long standing diabetes type 2 is associated with reduced levels of serum calcium and phosphate, and increased levels of serum ALP activity. The duration of the disease has different effects on the levels of the phosphate and alkaline phosphatase activity as mentioned above.