Diagnosis of Ischemic Heart Disease Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Two-dimensional Echocardiography

Abstract

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) also known as coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in adults. Objectives: The aims of this research was to study the value of usage CMRI and 2D echo as a diagnostic tool to diagnose IHD. In addition, it will determine the recent advances on the prognostic and diagnostic value, drawbacks and the future directions of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) and two-dimensional echocardiography (2D echo) in the diagnosis of IHD. Materials and methods: One hundred patients who were clinically diagnosed to have IHD were enrolled prospectively in this study. The patients were examined using CMRI; Siemens Magnetom Sola 1.5T MRI scanner and 2D echo; Siemens Acuson SC2000 Prime ultrasound system. Conventional coronary angiography was used to confirm the diagnosis. The process of analyzing data was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 for Windows (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). The statistical diagnostic test was used to detect sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CMRI and 2D echo in the diagnosis of IHD. Results: CMRI revealed that the left ventricular (LV) volumes and systolic function by age decile in male to female patients were 28.9±3.5%; 32±1.7%, 53.3±11.2; 58±6.6 ml, 5.4±1.4; 5.8±1.5 L/min, 189±14.3; 180±10.9 ml and 136±3.1; 123±4.4 ml for the left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output, end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV), respectively. 2D echo found that a 75% myocardial infarction involving mid anterior segment with low likelihood of viability was common in male (93.4%) and female (82.1%) patients. CMRI and 2D echo presents a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 97.98%; 97.87%, 25%; 11.11% and 95.15%; 90.29%, for each. Conclusion: CMRI is given a complete assessment of LV function, myocardial perfusion and viability and as well as the coronary anatomy. 2D echo is central to the diagnosis, management and prognosis of the entire spectrum of IHD.